Companion Appendix:
Interesting References
This is the online companion appendix for Beyond The Pale. Here you can follow along as you read for additional information that complements the in book text. Find various resources from funny cultural references to Ted Talks from experts mentioned throughout.
Mark Changizi's TED talk on red-green colour vision in humans for the perception of health and emotions via detection of hemoglobin amount and oxygenation.
Charles Darwin's classic book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals speaks on the blushing as well as some of the physiology behind emotions.
Anil Seth's TED talk on how our conscious reality is a controlled hallucination
Chris Palmer gives a 3-minute story of a woman cured from schizophrenia on a ketogenic diet
Chris Palmer full podcast on how psychiatric disorders are truly metabolic disorders affecting the brain
Hilarious comedian, Irene Tu, points out that she looks like she is non-binary even though she isn't. The crowd erupts with laughter because it's true whether they had consciously realized or not.
Watch the first 60 seconds of the video—or more if you like.
Sleep doctor describing sleep paralysis with no explanation as to why it happens.
Below is a talk from probably the world's leading expert on sleep paralysis, Harvard's Dr. Baland Jalal. I found him after I had developed my own thoughts on sleep paralysis, but similarly to me he explains that the paralysis and panic colours the hallucinations with scary themes. Still though, he seems completely unaware that apnea and hypoxia are behind the stress and hallucinations. In my opinion, he gives too much credence to culture and psychology, but I have no doubt cultural ideas do affect how the person experiences it. He says that sleep paralysis gets worse because people worry about it too much. I would think people get more anxious for organic reasons and sleep paralysis is more likely to worsen for the same organic reasons. He says that because sleep paralysis runs in families it likely has a genetic component. This leap to arguing a genetic component is a common one, and I believe it is often wrong to make the leap. I believe it likely runs in families because they eat similarly and will be more likely to all have anemia.
Bond gave a very interesting explanation for sleep paralysis as being caused by stagnation of the blood. Bond argued that the position of the heart while lying on the back leads to greater pulmonary arterial pressure and a build up of blood in the lungs. Whether this build up of blood happens and whether it actually increases the risk of sleep apnea, I do not know.
Jaak Panksepp interview
Thomas Cogan's work on the Passions is a classic read with great descriptions of emotions. He speaks to not only the mental state, but also how it manifests physically in the body.
Direct link to PDF for the Cass Report on the GID program
The Cass Report reviewed the GID program in the UK.
Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897) is a classic novel. While reading it you can see the exact problems that are common throughout Beyond The Pale.
Cold Springs Harbor, Perspectives in Medicine, Hemoglobin and its Diseases, is a good resource for understanding hemoglobin.
Anemia by Donald Silverberg gives comprehensive coverage on the subject of anemia.
TED-Ed on the physiological adaptations to altitude
A good video to show the extreme dangers of climbing Everest
A story of a man who survived because of his third man hallucination. Note the bleeding and the hypothermia. Even though hypoxia is surely the physical cause, it's such a beautiful phenomenon.
This video goes over four cases of people experiencing the "third man syndrome," all of them seemingly different situations. Really though, they are all obviously from a lack of oxygen and energy to the brain. Shackleton and his men would have gone months without enough food, and while being physically exhausted, mountaineers obviously experience hypoxia from hypobaric conditions, the scuba diver was low on oxygen (as the tank becomes low, the pressure decreases and so does flow, making it harder to get oxygen), and the man in the burning building would have been suffocating from the smoke.
Sleeping sickness by City and Colour with Gord Downey. Listen to the lyrics as referenced at the start of Chapter 18, and notice the pallid appearance of Dallas Green's skin. Surely he wrote these lyrics from personal experience.
A quick video on Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
A quick video on central and peripheral chemoreceptors
Common stories of medical staff not giving respiratory patients access to ventilators, only anxiety medication which slows down breathing! The woman running this channel is amazing. See the video on the right for an incredible story of how she had to save her own life while barely conscious (perhaps another example of a third man type of situation) because a doctor planned on putting her into a coma to then take her of her ventilator.
Video of a breath holding spell
A woman with psychotic anxiety breathing heavily. You can see the fatigue in her face, the poor health of her hair, the disordered movement, and discomfort with temperature likely from disordered sensory perception. It seems clear her body and brain are not getting enough oxygen.
A young woman with catatonic schizophrenia. If you look very closely you can see her extremely shallow and and rapid ventilation. From 1:18 to 1:24 you can see she takes three breaths which is about 25-35 breaths per minute whereas 12-20 is normal range. She feels fear at work because she is in a frozen state, and perhaps also because of poor blood chemistry. It can be noted that it's of course possible that anemia or any other form of hypoxia is not the root cause. In cases such as this or the next below there could be direct damage to the brainstem from (e.g., toxins, trauma, etc.)
Extreme examples of catatonic schizophrenia. One can imagine that in some others the damage or inhibition to the brainstem is simply less severe and more subtle.
Case of disorganized schizophrenia. You can see the disordered movement, but also that they boy is a chronic mouth breather. You can see the fatigue on his face with the dark under-eyes. He is clearly underweight and malnourished. Cases such as this and the ones above should be remembered when we look at the disordered movement documented in cases of mass hysteria.
Great article by Susan Lllewelyn on the connections between REM sleep/waking state disturbances and schizophrenia entitled: In two minds? Is Schizophrenia a state trapped between waking and dreaming?
Activists shamelessly throw soup on a Van Gogh painting before moralizing to strangers.
Notice the severe pallor on everyone in the room. One might think it's the lighting, until the camera turns to the speaker and his crew at the 1:00 minute mark, and you realize that it's certainly not.
Summarized examples of many different mass hysterias that fit the pattern.
Excellent video presentation by Tyrone Hayes looking at the affects of atrazine on frogs and other animals.
David Geary on psychological sex differences.
Full Modern Wisdom podcast playlist on sex differences.
Adam Omary gives great descriptions of intersex conditions.
The short story of the Pied Piper, The Children of Hameln, by Brothers Grimm (1816), serves as a perfect parable for our relationship with pesticides today.
Great podcast with Shanna Swan on endocrine disrupting chemicals.
Explore Endocrine.org for more information on the endocrine system and endocrine disrupting chemicals.
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